Places & Areas

1. Алматы

   Al-ma-ty

   Almaty (Kazakhstan's largest city)

   Usage

   Kazakhstan's economic and cultural center, known as the former capital

   Grammar Note

   "Almaty" is generally explained as "alma" (apple) + "-ty" (place having) = "place rich in apples" ("Alma-Ata" is the Russian form). Located at the foot of the Tian Shan range, historically a wild apple origin

2. Астана

   As-ta-na

   Astana (capital of Kazakhstan)

   Usage

   The current capital, famous for modern architecture like Bayterek Tower and Khan Shatyr

   Grammar Note

   "Astana" derives from Persian "āstāna" (threshold/royal court). Borrowed into Turkic to mean "capital." The city's name has changed several times historically

3. Қапшағай су қоймасы

   Qap-sha-ghay su qoy-ma-sy

   Kapshagay Reservoir (popular resort area)

   Usage

   Popular resort near Almaty with water sports and resort hotels

   Grammar Note

   A reservoir is "su qoymasy" (water store). The town was renamed Qonaev in 2022, but the lake is still called Qapshaghay. It is a popular summer resort, sometimes called "Kazakhstan's Riviera"

4. Байтерек мұнарасы

   Bay-te-rek mu-na-ra-sy

   Bayterek Tower (symbol of Astana)

   Usage

   Must-see Astana landmark with a panoramic observation deck

   Grammar Note

   "Bayterek" is a Kazakh mythological cosmic tree. "Bay" (rich) + "terek" (poplar/tree). The tower symbolizes the rebuilding of Astana as a modern capital

5. Шымбұлақ

   Shym-bu-laq

   Shymbulak (ski resort near Almaty)

   Usage

   Ski resort about 30 minutes from Almaty; popular for hiking in summer

   Grammar Note

   "Shymbulak" = "shym" (turf/grass) + "bulaq" (spring/source). Located in the Tian Shan foothills, it is considered Central Asia's premier ski resort

6. Бурабай ұлттық паркі

   Bu-ra-bay ult-tyq par-ki

   Burabay National Park (the Switzerland of Kazakhstan)

   Usage

   Beautiful national park with lakes and forests nicknamed "the Switzerland of Kazakhstan"

   Grammar Note

   "Burabay" = "bura" (male camel) + diminutive suffix, meaning "young camel." Named for rock formations resembling camels. About 2 hours from Astana

7. Тұран ойпаты

   Tu-ran oy-pa-ty

   Turan Lowland (the great Central Asian steppe)

   Usage

   Kazakhstan's vast steppe region — the birthplace of nomadic culture

   Grammar Note

   "Oypat" (lowland) is a geographical term for a depression in the terrain. Kazakh has rich geographical vocabulary — reflecting nomads'life crossing vast steppes

8. Арал теңізі

   A-ral te-ñi-zi

   Aral Sea (famous for environmental issues)

   Usage

   Globally known salt lake symbolizing environmental catastrophe; also visited by tourists

   Grammar Note

   "Tengiz" (sea/large lake) is used for large water bodies in Kazakh, like the Caspian. "Aral" (island) is ancient Turkic — named for the many islands it once held

9. Медеу мұзайдыны

   Me-de-u mu-zay-dy-ny

   Medeu outdoor skating rink (Almaty)

   Usage

   Almaty landmark and one of the world's largest high-altitude skating rinks

   Grammar Note

   "Muz" (ice) + "aydyn" (water surface/expanse) = "muzaydyn" (ice-covered surface, i.e. ice rink). Kazakh compound formation. Situated at 1691m altitude — site of many world speed-skating records

10. Тянь-Шань тауы

    Tyan-Shan ta-wy

    Tian Shan Mountains

    Usage

    Majestic mountain range behind Almaty, base for hiking and skiing

    Grammar Note

    "Tau" (mountain) is common across Turkic languages. "-y" is 3rd person possessive. "Tyan-Shan" is a Chinese-origin name. Native Kazakh mountain vocabulary includes "tas" (rock), "biik" (high)

11. Орталық базар

    Or-ta-lyq ba-zar

    Central Bazaar

    Usage

    Central market in Almaty or Astana with local food and handicrafts

    Grammar Note

    "Bazaar" is a Persian loanword widely used across Central Asia. "Ortalyq" = "orta" (middle) + "-lyq" (adjectivizer) = "central"

12. Шарын каньоны

    Sha-ryn kan-yo-ny

    Charyn Canyon (Kazakhstan's Grand Canyon)

    Usage

    About 3 hours from Almaty — one of Kazakhstan's most scenic spots

    Grammar Note

    "Kanyon" (canyon) is borrowed from English/Spanish. Kazakh often applies vowel harmony to loanwords. Charyn Canyon stretches ~12km with cliffs up to 300m deep

13. Шымкент

    Shymkent

    Shymkent

    Usage

    Kazakhstan's third-largest city and the hub of the south, near the Uzbek border; a city of republican significance outside any region

14. Қарағанды

    Qaraghandy

    Karaganda

    Usage

    Coal-mining city in central Kazakhstan and capital of Karaganda Region, about 200 km south of Astana by road and rail

15. Ақтөбе

    Aqtobe

    Aktobe

    Usage

    Main city of western Kazakhstan near the Russian border, a junction on the rail lines running toward Russia

16. Тараз

    Taraz

    Taraz

    Usage

    Capital of Zhambyl Region in the south; an ancient Silk Road city with the Aisha Bibi mausoleum on its outskirts

17. Павлодар

    Pavlodar

    Pavlodar

    Usage

    Industrial regional capital on the Irtysh River in the northeast, on routes toward Russian Siberia

18. Өскемен

    Oskemen

    Oskemen (Ust-Kamenogorsk)

    Usage

    Capital of East Kazakhstan Region; timetables and tickets often show the Russian name Ust-Kamenogorsk. Gateway to the Kazakh Altai

19. Семей

    Semey

    Semey

    Usage

    City on the Irtysh in the east and capital of Abai Region; it was called Semipalatinsk until 2007

20. Атырау

    Atyrau

    Atyrau

    Usage

    Oil city at the mouth of the Ural River on the northern Caspian; the river through town is treated as the Europe-Asia boundary

21. Қостанай

    Qostanay

    Kostanay

    Usage

    Northern regional capital in the grain belt, close to the Russian border

22. Қызылорда

    Qyzylorda

    Kyzylorda

    Usage

    Regional capital on the Syr Darya in the south; the Baikonur Cosmodrome and the Aral Sea lie within this region

23. Орал

    Oral

    Oral (Uralsk)

    Usage

    Capital of West Kazakhstan Region, shown as Uralsk in Russian; an old trading city on the Ural River

24. Петропавл

    Petropavl

    Petropavl (Petropavlovsk)

    Usage

    Northernmost regional capital; the Trans-Siberian main line runs through it and Russia-bound trains stop here

25. Ақтау

    Aqtau

    Aktau

    Usage

    Kazakhstan's only major Caspian port and capital of Mangystau Region; known for addresses given as block numbers rather than street names

26. Түркістан

    Turkistan

    Turkistan

    Usage

    Spiritual centre of the south, home to the Khoja Ahmed Yasawi Mausoleum; regional capital since 2018

27. Көкшетау

    Kokshetau

    Kokshetau

    Usage

    Capital of Akmola Region and gateway to Burabay National Park, about four hours from Astana by train

28. Талдықорған

    Taldyqorghan

    Taldykorgan

    Usage

    Capital of Zhetysu Region, about 250 km northeast of Almaty and a stopover on the way to Lake Alakol

29. Теміртау

    Temirtau

    Temirtau

    Usage

    Steel town in Karaganda Region about 30 km north of Karaganda, home to the country's largest steelworks

30. Екібастұз

    Ekibastuz

    Ekibastuz

    Usage

    Coal and power city in Pavlodar Region, known for the world's tallest chimney at about 420 m

31. Жезқазған

    Zhezqazghan

    Zhezkazgan

    Usage

    Capital of Ulytau Region, a copper-mining city also known as the landing zone for returning Soyuz capsules

32. Қонаев

    Qonaev

    Konayev (formerly Kapshagay)

    Usage

    Capital of Almaty Region on the Kapshagay reservoir, renamed from Kapshagay in 2022; maps and timetables may still show the old name

33. Байқоңыр қаласы

    Bayqongyr qalasy

    Baikonur (city)

    Usage

    Special city inside Kyzylorda Region but leased to and administered by Russia; home to cosmodrome staff and requiring a permit to enter

34. Жаңаөзен

    Zhangaozen

    Zhanaozen

    Usage

    Oil town in Mangystau Region about 150 km southeast of Aktau, on the route toward the Turkmen border

35. Балқаш қаласы

    Balqash qalasy

    Balkhash (city)

    Usage

    Copper-smelting town on the north shore of Lake Balkhash, a common rest stop on the Almaty-Karaganda highway

36. Риддер

    Ridder

    Ridder

    Usage

    Mining town in the Altai mountains of East Kazakhstan, formerly Leninogorsk; a winter ski destination

37. Кентау

    Kentau

    Kentau

    Usage

    Town about 25 km northwest of Turkistan, sometimes used as a base for visiting the mausoleum

38. Сарыағаш

    Saryaghash

    Saryagash

    Usage

    Spa town on the Uzbek border known for its mineral water and sanatoriums, close to the land crossing toward Tashkent

39. Есік

    Esik

    Esik (Issyk)

    Usage

    Town about 50 km east of Almaty; the famous "Golden Man" was excavated from a Saka burial mound nearby

40. Талғар

    Talghar

    Talgar

    Usage

    Town on Almaty's eastern edge below Talgar Peak, the highest summit of the Ile Alatau and a trekking base

41. Алматы облысы

    Almaty oblysy

    Almaty Region

    Usage

    Region surrounding Almaty city, though the city itself is separate; its capital is Konayev, and its eastern half split off as Zhetysu Region in 2022

42. Түркістан облысы

    Turkistan oblysy

    Turkistan Region

    Usage

    Southern region with its capital at Turkistan; the largest city, Shymkent, is administered separately

43. Маңғыстау облысы

    Mangystau oblysy

    Mangystau Region

    Usage

    Region on the eastern Caspian with its capital at Aktau; a desert of chalk rock formations and underground mosques

44. Шығыс Қазақстан облысы

    Shyghys Qazaqstan oblysy

    East Kazakhstan Region

    Usage

    Region of mountains and forest with its capital at Oskemen, covering the Altai range and lakes Zaysan and Markakol

45. Батыс Қазақстан облысы

    Batys Qazaqstan oblysy

    West Kazakhstan Region

    Usage

    Region with its capital at Oral (Uralsk), in the Ural River basin along a long border with Russia

46. Солтүстік Қазақстан облысы

    Soltustik Qazaqstan oblysy

    North Kazakhstan Region

    Usage

    Northernmost region with its capital at Petropavl, a grain-growing area crossed by the Trans-Siberian line

47. Ақмола облысы

    Aqmola oblysy

    Akmola Region

    Usage

    Region surrounding the capital, though Astana itself is separate and the regional capital is Kokshetau. "Akmola" was also the capital's own name until 1998, preserved here in the region's name

48. Жамбыл облысы

    Zhambyl oblysy

    Zhambyl Region

    Usage

    Southern region named after the poet Zhambyl; its capital is not a namesake city but Taraz

49. Жетісу облысы

    Zhetisu oblysy

    Zhetysu Region

    Usage

    Region split from Almaty Region in 2022, capital Taldykorgan; the name means "seven rivers", the Russian Semirechye

50. Ұлытау облысы

    Ulytau oblysy

    Ulytau Region

    Usage

    Central region split from Karaganda Region in 2022, capital Zhezkazgan; it contains the Ulytau hills, a heartland of Kazakh steppe history

51. Абай облысы

    Abay oblysy

    Abai Region

    Usage

    Region split from East Kazakhstan Region in 2022, capital Semey; named after the poet Abai Kunanbaiuly

52. Алматы халықаралық әуежайы

    Almaty halyqaralyq auezhayy

    Almaty International Airport

    Usage

    Code ALA, about 15 km north of the city centre; the country's busiest airport and the arrival point for most international flights

53. Нұрсұлтан Назарбаев атындағы халықаралық әуежай

    Nursultan Nazarbaev atyndaghy halyqaralyq auezhay

    Nursultan Nazarbayev International Airport (Astana)

    Usage

    Airport of the capital, about 17 km southeast of the centre. Its code is still NQZ, assigned while the city was named Nur-Sultan (2019-2022); older tickets show the earlier code TSE

54. Шымкент халықаралық әуежайы

    Shymkent halyqaralyq auezhayy

    Shymkent International Airport

    Usage

    Code CIT, serving the southern city of Shymkent and travellers heading on to Turkistan or Taraz

55. Ақтау халықаралық әуежайы

    Aqtau halyqaralyq auezhayy

    Aktau International Airport

    Usage

    Code SCO, about 25 km north of the city; the starting point for tours of Mangystau's rock formations such as Bozzhyra

56. Атырау халықаралық әуежайы

    Atyrau halyqaralyq auezhayy

    Atyrau International Airport

    Usage

    Code GUW, serving the Caspian oil city of Atyrau and used heavily by oil-industry business travellers

57. Сарыарқа әуежайы

    Saryarqa auezhayy

    Sary-Arka Airport (Karaganda)

    Usage

    Code KGF, Karaganda's airport, named after the Saryarka steppe rather than the city; used by low-cost carriers

58. Хазірет Сұлтан халықаралық әуежайы

    Haziret Sultan halyqaralyq auezhayy

    Hazret Sultan International Airport (Turkistan)

    Usage

    Code HSA, opened in 2021 to serve pilgrims and visitors to the Yasawi Mausoleum in Turkistan

59. Өскемен әуежайы

    Oskemen auezhayy

    Oskemen Airport

    Usage

    Code UKK, serving the East Kazakhstan capital; tickets often list it under the Russian name Ust-Kamenogorsk

60. Қостанай әуежайы

    Qostanay auezhayy

    Kostanay Airport

    Usage

    Code KSN, serving northern Kostanay mainly with domestic flights to Almaty and Astana

61. Ақтөбе әуежайы

    Aqtobe auezhayy

    Aktobe Airport

    Usage

    Code AKX, serving western Aktobe with domestic flights and some services toward Russia

62. Павлодар әуежайы

    Pavlodar auezhayy

    Pavlodar Airport

    Usage

    Code PWQ, serving northeastern Pavlodar and used to reach Bayanaul National Park

63. Қызылорда әуежайы

    Qyzylorda auezhayy

    Kyzylorda Airport

    Usage

    Code KZO, serving southern Kyzylorda and travellers heading toward the Aral Sea

64. Алматы метрополитені

    Almaty metropoliteni

    Almaty Metro

    Usage

    Opened in 2011, Central Asia's fourth metro; a single line of eleven stations running southwest across the city, signposted in Kazakh, Russian and English

65. Райымбек батыр

    Rayymbek batyr

    Raiymbek Batyr station

    Usage

    Northern terminus of the Almaty Metro on Raiymbek Avenue, with bus connections toward Almaty-2 railway station

66. Жібек жолы

    Zhibek zholy

    Zhibek Zholy station

    Usage

    Station in the old centre; the name means "Silk Road" and it sits by the pedestrian street of the same name and the Green Bazaar

67. Алмалы

    Almaly

    Almaly station

    Usage

    Central station named after Almaly district, surrounded by government offices and shopping streets

68. Абай

    Abay

    Abai station

    Usage

    Station on Abai Avenue, close to the Palace of the Republic and other cultural venues

69. Байқоңыр станциясы

    Bayqongyr stansiasy

    Baikonur metro station

    Usage

    Almaty Metro station named after the cosmodrome, known for its space-themed interior

70. Алатау

    Alatau

    Alatau station

    Usage

    Station that was the southwestern terminus when the line opened in 2011, named after the Alatau mountains south of the city

71. Сайран

    Sayran

    Sairan station

    Usage

    Station near Sairan lake and the intercity bus terminal, used when transferring to regional buses

72. Мәскеу

    Maskeu

    Maskeu (Moskva) station

    Usage

    Station named after Moskovskaya street; signed as "Mäskeu" in Kazakh and "Moskva" in Russian

73. Сарыарқа станциясы

    Saryarqa stansiasy

    Saryarka metro station

    Usage

    Station opened with the 2022 western extension; not to be confused with the airport of the same name in Karaganda

74. Бауыржан Момышұлы

    Bauyrzhan Momyshuly

    Bauyrzhan Momyshuly station

    Usage

    Current western terminus, opened in 2022 and named after the Second World War hero Bauyrzhan Momyshuly

75. Алматы-1 теміржол вокзалы

    Almaty-1 temirzhol vokzaly

    Almaty-1 railway station

    Usage

    Railway station on the northern edge of the city; long-distance trains that bypass the centre stop here, so check which station your ticket names

76. Алматы-2 теміржол вокзалы

    Almaty-2 temirzhol vokzaly

    Almaty-2 railway station

    Usage

    Main station close to the city centre at the north end of Abylai Khan Avenue, with fast trains to Astana

77. Нұрлы жол теміржол вокзалы

    Nurly zhol temirzhol vokzaly

    Nurly Zhol railway station (Astana)

    Usage

    The capital's main station, opened in 2017; the name means "bright path" and most long-distance trains now use it instead of the old Astana station

78. Ақтау теңіз порты

    Aqtau tengiz porty

    Aktau Sea Port

    Usage

    Kazakhstan's only major seaport, with Caspian crossings to Baku in Azerbaijan; sailings are irregular and not on a fixed timetable

79. Құрық порты

    Quryq porty

    Kuryk Port

    Usage

    Caspian port about 70 km south of Aktau, the terminal for vehicle and rail ferries; Baku sailings often depart from here rather than Aktau

80. Қорғас

    Qorghas

    Khorgos

    Usage

    Trade hub on the Chinese border with a duty-free zone straddling the frontier, about five hours by road from Almaty; also a major rail freight interchange

81. Балқаш көлі

    Balqash koli

    Lake Balkhash

    Usage

    Crescent-shaped lake some 600 km long, freshwater in its western half and saline in the east; the town of Balkhash on the north shore is the access point

82. Алакөл

    Alakol

    Lake Alakol

    Usage

    Saline lake in the east with black pebble beaches, popular as a summer bathing and health resort with Kazakh holidaymakers

83. Зайсан көлі

    Zaysan koli

    Lake Zaysan

    Usage

    Freshwater lake in East Kazakhstan fed by the Irtysh system flowing in from China, known for its fishing

84. Көлсай көлдері

    Kolsay kolderi

    Kolsai Lakes

    Usage

    Three mountain lakes strung up a Tian Shan valley about 300 km east of Almaty; the first is reachable by car, the upper two on foot or horseback

85. Қайыңды көлі

    Qayyngdy koli

    Lake Kaindy

    Usage

    Lake near the Kolsai valley, famous for the trunks of spruce trees drowned by a 1911 earthquake still standing above the water

86. Үлкен Алматы көлі

    Ulken Almaty koli

    Big Almaty Lake

    Usage

    Mountain lake about 28 km south of Almaty at roughly 2,500 m, its water turning turquoise depending on season and level

87. Каспий теңізі

    Kaspiy tengizi

    Caspian Sea

    Usage

    The world's largest inland body of water; Kazakhstan meets it at Aktau and Atyrau, with crossings toward Azerbaijan

88. Іле өзені

    Ile ozeni

    Ili River

    Usage

    River flowing in from Xinjiang through the Kapshagay reservoir into Lake Balkhash; Altyn-Emel National Park lies along its valley

89. Ертіс өзені

    Ertis ozeni

    Irtysh River

    Usage

    Great river flowing north through the east into Russia; Oskemen, Semey and Pavlodar all stand on its banks

90. Сырдария өзені

    Syrdaria ozeni

    Syr Darya

    Usage

    Major Central Asian river draining into the Aral Sea, crossing Kyzylorda Region in Kazakhstan

91. Жайық өзені

    Zhayyq ozeni

    Ural River (Zhaiyq)

    Usage

    River running past Oral and into the Caspian at Atyrau; called Zhaiyq in Kazakh and treated as the Europe-Asia boundary

92. Есіл өзені

    Esil ozeni

    Ishim River (Esil)

    Usage

    River through the capital: the government district and new city lie on the left bank, the older city on the right, a useful reference when asking directions

93. Хан Тәңірі

    Khan Tangiri

    Khan Tengri

    Usage

    Pyramid-shaped Tian Shan peak of 7,010 m near the Kazakh-Kyrgyz-Chinese frontier, famous for glowing red at sunset

94. Мұзтау

    Muztau

    Muztau (Mount Belukha)

    Usage

    Highest peak of the Altai at 4,506 m, known in Russian as Belukha and sitting on the Russian border; approached from Katon-Karagay on the Kazakh side

95. Іле Алатауы

    Ile Alatauy

    Ile Alatau

    Usage

    Northern spur of the Tian Shan rising directly south of Almaty; Medeu, Shymbulak and Big Almaty Lake all lie within it

96. Маңғыстау түбегі

    Mangystau tubegi

    Mangystau Peninsula

    Usage

    Peninsula jutting into the eastern Caspian, a desert of chalk escarpments and isolated buttes explored from Aktau

97. Үстірт жазығы

    Ustirt zhazyghy

    Ustyurt Plateau

    Usage

    Bleak limestone plateau shared with Uzbekistan, edged by long escarpments called chinks and almost entirely uninhabited

98. Сарыарқа

    Saryarqa

    Saryarka

    Usage

    Rolling steppe uplands across central Kazakhstan; the name means "yellow ridge", and its lakes including Korgalzhyn are a World Heritage site

99. Бетпақдала

    Betpaqdala

    Betpak-Dala

    Usage

    Desert steppe west of Lake Balkhash, nicknamed the "hunger steppe" and known as saiga antelope habitat

100. Марқакөл

     Marqakol

     Lake Markakol

     Usage

     Lake at about 1,450 m in the Kazakh Altai, protected as a nature reserve with permit-only zones

101. Алтын Емел ұлттық паркі

     Altyn Emel ulttyq parki

     Altyn-Emel National Park

     Usage

     Vast park along the Ili River about 250 km northeast of Almaty, containing the Singing Dune and the striped Aktau hills; entry requires a permit

102. Әнші бархан

     Anshi barkhan

     Singing Dune

     Usage

     Dune some 150 m high inside Altyn-Emel National Park, named for the low booming sound the dry sand makes as it slides

103. Ақсу-Жабағылы қорығы

     Aqsu-Zhabaghyly qoryghy

     Aksu-Zhabagly Nature Reserve

     Usage

     Central Asia's oldest nature reserve, founded in 1926 in the Talas Alatau east of Shymkent and known for its wild tulips in spring

104. Қорғалжын қорығы

     Qorghalzhyn qoryghy

     Korgalzhyn Nature Reserve

     Usage

     Wetland reserve about 130 km southwest of Astana holding the world's northernmost flamingo breeding colony, part of the Saryarka World Heritage site

105. Баянауыл ұлттық паркі

     Bayanauyl ulttyq parki

     Bayanaul National Park

     Usage

     Park of granite outcrops, pine woods and lakes in Pavlodar Region, a green island in the steppe used as a summer retreat

106. Қатонқарағай ұлттық паркі

     Qatonqaraghay ulttyq parki

     Katon-Karagay National Park

     Usage

     National park in the Kazakh Altai and the base for viewing Muztau (Belukha); permits are needed for zones near the border

107. Бозжыра

     Bozzhyra

     Bozzhyra

     Usage

     Chalk valley in Mangystau known for the view over two tusk-like pinnacles; reachable as a long day trip by 4WD from Aktau

108. Торыш

     Torysh

     Torysh (Valley of Balls)

     Usage

     Valley near Shetpe in Mangystau where spherical stone concretions are scattered across the slopes

109. Шерқала тауы

     Sherqala tauy

     Sherkala

     Usage

     Isolated butte in Mangystau that looks like a yurt or a lion depending on the angle, with remains of a medieval fortress

110. Ұлытау

     Ulytau

     Ulytau

     Usage

     Low massif in central Kazakhstan regarded as the heartland of Kazakh steppe history, ringed by medieval mausoleums including that of Jochi Khan

111. Қожа Ахмет Ясауи кесенесі

     Qozha Akhmet Iasaui kesenesi

     Mausoleum of Khoja Ahmed Yasawi

     Usage

     Fourteenth-century mausoleum in Turkistan, built by Timur and left unfinished; Kazakhstan's first World Heritage site

112. Арыстан баб кесенесі

     Arystan bab kesenesi

     Arystan Bab Mausoleum

     Usage

     Mausoleum near the Otrar ruins honouring Yasawi's teacher; pilgrims traditionally visit here before going on to Turkistan

113. Отырар

     Otyrar

     Otrar

     Usage

     Ruins of a Silk Road city on the Syr Darya destroyed by the Mongols in 1219, between Shymkent and Turkistan

114. Таңбалы

     Tangbaly

     Tamgaly petroglyphs

     Usage

     Bronze Age and later rock carvings in a gorge about 170 km northwest of Almaty, a World Heritage site; Russian signs and maps spell it Tamgaly

115. Айша бибі кесенесі

     Aysha bibi kesenesi

     Aisha Bibi Mausoleum

     Usage

     Eleventh- or twelfth-century mausoleum about 18 km west of Taraz, famous for the carved terracotta tiles covering every surface

116. Хан Шатыр

     Khan Shatyr

     Khan Shatyr

     Usage

     Tent-shaped complex in Astana designed by Norman Foster, its 150 m nomad-tent form serving as a city landmark

117. Бейбітшілік және келісім сарайы

     Beybitshilik zhane kelisim sarayy

     Palace of Peace and Reconciliation

     Usage

     Pyramid in Astana built to host the congress of world religions; locals simply call it "the pyramid"

118. Хазірет Сұлтан мешіті

     Haziret Sultan meshiti

     Hazrat Sultan Mosque

     Usage

     Large mosque in Astana named after Yasawi's honorific title, facing the independence square

119. Көктөбе

     Koktobe

     Kok-Tobe

     Usage

     Hill southeast of central Almaty reached by cable car, topped by the TV tower and a viewpoint popular at night

120. Республика алаңы

     Respublika alangy

     Republic Square

     Usage

     Almaty's central square with the Independence Monument, facing the city hall and used for ceremonies and gatherings

121. Көк базар

     Kok bazar

     Green Bazaar

     Usage

     Covered market in old Almaty selling horse meat, kurt cheese balls and dried fruit; called Zelyony Bazar in Russian

122. Байқоңыр ғарыш айлағы

     Bayqongyr gharysh aylaghy

     Baikonur Cosmodrome

     Usage

     The world's first and largest spaceport, located in Kyzylorda Region but leased and operated by Russia; visits require advance application and passport registration

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