Basic Nouns

1. Су

   Su

   Water

   Usage

   The basic word for drinking water; works with pointing

   Grammar Note

   Kazakh has no gender; case is a suffix: су → суды (accusative), суда (locative).

2. Тамақ

   Ta-maq

   Food

   Usage

   The general word when you are looking for something to eat

3. Ақша

   Aq-sha

   Money

   Usage

   Comes up when paying or changing currency

4. Дәретхана

   Dä-ret-ha-na

   Toilet

   Usage

   The word alone is enough to ask for directions

5. Майлық

   May-lyq

   Tissue

   Usage

   For asking at a shop or a diner

6. Дәрі

   Dä-ri

   Medicine

   Usage

   The core word at a pharmacy, paired with your symptom

7. Жүк

   Zhük

   Luggage

   Usage

   For checking in, picking up, or storing bags

8. Кілт

   Kilt

   Key

   Usage

   For collecting or returning it at hotel reception

9. Билет

   Bi-let

   Ticket

   Usage

   The base word for transport and admission tickets

10. Төлқұжат

    Töl-qu-zhat

    Passport

    Usage

    Comes up at every check-in and border control

11. Телефон

    Te-le-fon

    Phone

    Usage

    Refers to the device and to making a call

12. Зарядтағыш

    Za-ryad-ta-ğysh

    Charger

    Usage

    When you want to borrow one at a hotel or café

13. Вокзал

    Vok-zal

    Station

    Usage

    The easiest landmark to name when asking directions

14. Аурухана

    Au-ru-ha-na

    Hospital

    Usage

    The first word you need if you fall ill

15. Полиция

    Po-li-tsi-ya

    Police

    Usage

    For theft or accidents; the word alone gets help

16. Дүкен

    Dü-ken

    Shop

    Usage

    The general word when hunting for somewhere to buy things

17. Бөлме

    Böl-me

    Room

    Usage

    For negotiating a stay or confirming a room number

18. Жол

    Zhol

    Road

    Usage

    Used when asking directions, often over a map

19. Отбасы

    Ot-ba-sy

    Family

    Usage

    Comes up in small talk about who you are travelling with

20. Аты

    A-ty

    Name

    Usage

    For confirming a booking or introducing yourself

    Grammar Note

    "Аты" is the possessed form (his/her name); the bare stem is "ат".

21. Бас

    Bas

    Head

    Usage

    Point at this to show where it hurts

22. Көз

    Köz

    Eye

    Usage

    Point at this to report an eye problem

23. Тіс

    Tis

    Tooth

    Usage

    For toothache; a dentist is "tis därigeri"

24. Көмей

    Kö-mey

    Throat

    Usage

    The everyday word "tamaq" also means "food", so this unambiguous word is safer on a card

25. Іш

    Ish

    Belly / stomach

    Usage

    For stomach ache; the word also means "inside", so point at your own belly

26. Арқа

    Ar-qa

    Back

    Usage

    Point at this to report back pain

27. Бел

    Bel

    Lower back / waist

    Usage

    The lower back specifically; "arqa" is the back as a whole

28. Аяқ

    A-yaq

    Leg / foot

    Usage

    Kazakh "ayaq" covers both leg and foot — point at the actual spot

29. Қол

    Qol

    Hand / arm

    Usage

    Kazakh "qol" covers both hand and arm; use "bilek" for the forearm alone

30. Кеуде

    Keu-de

    Chest

    Usage

    For chest pain or tightness; the word for breast ("omyrau") is different

31. Өрт сөндіру машинасы

    Ört sön-di-ru ma-shi-na-sy

    Fire engine

    Usage

    Ört (fire) + söndiru (extinguishing) + mashina (vehicle); the fire brigade is on 101

32. Консулдық

    Kon-sul-dyq

    Consulate

    Usage

    For finding your own consulate after losing a passport or becoming a victim of crime; as an adjective the same word means "consular"

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